There is also a big difference in automotive alternators, but there is still a BIG fuse in the fusebox. At least there is in mine. I have a 150 amp "fusible link" as the first item in the box from which everything else branches off.
An alternator regulates its output by varying the strength of the magnetic field. A stock GS R/R momentarily shorts the output of the stator to ground to reduce any excess. If it stays stuck in "short" mode, you have uncontrolled current straight from the battery to ground. In the stock wiring, that is protected by the MAIN fuse.
.
Steve,
I think the R/R can short when a pair of the blocking diodes fail (in a short mode) in the rectifier. If it is a MOSFET device then it would be a pair of MOSFETS. I have seen on the Series devices they only switch one leg with a MOSFET and use a diode for the other side. MOSFETS tend to fail shorted and bipolar devices fail open.
Jim


